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Swansea ( ; (ウェールズ語:Abertawe) (:abɛrˈtauɛ), "mouth of the Tawe"), officially known as the City and County of Swansea, is a coastal city and county in Wales. It is Wales's second largest city and the UK's twenty-fifth largest city.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://thegeographist.wordpress.com/2013/11/23/largest-cities-uk-population )〕 Swansea lies within the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan. Situated on the sandy South West Wales coast, the county area includes the Gower Peninsula and the Lliw uplands. According to its local council, the City and County of Swansea had a population of 241,300 in 2014. The last official census stated that the city, metropolitan and urban areas combined concluded to be a total of 462,000 in 2011,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.swansea.gov.uk/media/pdf/e/q/2011_Census_Summary_-_Release_of_Initial_Results_Jul-12_CCS_R_I.pdf )〕 making it the second most populous local authority area in Wales after Cardiff. During its 19th-century industrial heyday, Swansea was a key centre of the copper industry,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Swansea )〕 earning the nickname 'Copperopolis'.〔Hughes, S. (2000) ''Copperopolis: landscapes of the early industrial period in Swansea'' (Royal Commission on Ancient and Historical Monuments in Wales〕 Since 2011, Swansea has started to expand into a larger region known as the Swansea Bay City Region. After combining with other councils, it now includes Tenby and other parts of West Wales, its population including these areas an estimated 685,051. The chairman of the new region is Sir Terry Matthews ==History== (詳細はArchaeological finds are mostly confined to the Gower Peninsula, and include items from the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age. The Romans reached the area, as did the Norsemen. Swansea is thought to have developed as a Viking trading post. Its name may be derived from ''Sveinn's island'' (Old Norse: Sveinsey) – the reference to an island may refer to a bank at the mouth of the river Tawe, or an area of raised ground in marshes.〔Wyn Owen, H. and Morgan, R. (2008) ''Dictionary of the Place-names of Wales''. Llandysul: Gomer.〕 An alternative explanation is that the name derives from the Norse name 'Sweyn' and 'ey', which can mean inlet. This explanation supports the tradition that the city was founded by the Danish king Sweyn Forkbeard. The name is pronounced Swans-y ), not Swan-sea. The Welsh name first appears in Welsh poems at the beginning of the 13th century, as "Aber Tawy".〔 The earliest known form of the modern name is ''Sweynesse'', which was used in the first charter granted sometime between 1158 and 1184 by William de Newburgh, 3rd Earl of Warwick. The charter gave Swansea the status of a borough, granting the townsmen, called burgesses certain rights to develop the area. A second charter was granted in 1215 by King John. In this charter, the name appears as ''Sweyneshe''. The town seal which is believed to date from this period names the town as ''Sweyse''. Following the Norman Conquest, a marcher lordship was created under the title of Gower. It included land around Swansea Bay as far as the River Tawe, the manor of Kilvey beyond the Tawe, and the peninsula itself. Swansea was designated chief town of the lordship and received a borough charter some time between 1158 and 1184 (and a more elaborate one in 1304).〔The Welsh Academy Encyclopedia of Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press 2008.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Swansea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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